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Whistleblowing / UK law

UK whistleblowing law: what PIDA protects and what employers owe

The Public Interest Disclosure Act protects workers in England, Wales and Scotland who report wrongdoing, and outside financial services asks almost nothing of the employer who receives the report. Confide is built for the duty the October 2026 consultation is asking about.

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What the law makes you have

A route that bypasses the line manager

PIDA protects a disclosure to the employer under section 43C and says nothing about who receives it. Confide takes reports by web form, voice, QR code and email and routes each one past line management to the people you name.

Confidentiality that survives the follow-up

The Corporate Governance Code expects a means to raise concerns in confidence. Confide locks anyone named in a report out of it automatically, writes every access to an immutable record, and lets roles decide who sees a case.

A record of what happened to each concern

The October 2026 consultation asks whether to make procedures, a policy and follow-up a legal duty, citing Ireland's model of acknowledgment in seven days, a designated person and feedback in three months. Confide holds every concern in one case record, with its acknowledgment, its owner and its outcome.

The requirements, and how Confide meets them

RequirementWhat the law says
Protected disclosure categoriess.43B(1): seven heads, sexual harassment since 6 Apr 2026IncludedEcho completes the report at intake
Anonymous reporting acceptedNot in PIDA. Expected by Code Provision 6 and gov.ukIncludedAnonymous web form, voice, QR code
Confidentiality of the reporterCode Provision 6, gov.uk reasonable steps where requestedIncludedAnyone named locked out automatically
Protection from detriment and dismissals.47B detriment, s.103A dismissal, uncapped under s.124(1A)IncludedRoles decide who sees a case
Six-month window for detriment claimss.48(3), six months from 1 Oct 2026IncludedLegal hold on the case
Interim relief after dismissalss.128 to 129, apply within seven daysIncludedEvery access on an immutable record
Prescribed persons signposted to staffs.43F, more than 90 on the gov.uk listIncludedPrescribed persons named in the policy
Written whistleblowing policyNot required by PIDA, except FCA SYSC 18 firmsIncludedDrafted from the gov.uk list
Acknowledgment and feedback to the reporterNot yet required. Option 2 cites Ireland: acknowledge in 7 days, feed back in 3 monthsIncludedEvery step dated on the case
Records and board reportingSYSC 18.3.1R annual report, Code Provision 6 board reviewIncludedSentinel answers across every case
Victimisation statement in the policygov.uk: a clear statement that victimisation is unacceptableIncludedWritten into the policy at kick-off
Training for all workersgov.uk list: training on the law and internal processesIncludedDelivered in the rollout

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Why teams in the UK choose Confide

+50%

Reports arrive ready to investigate

gov.uk says a whistleblower does not need to provide evidence for the employer to investigate, and Echo asks its follow-up questions at intake, so 50% more reports arrive ready to investigate before a designated person picks them up.

1 day

Standard setup in one day

The consultation closes on 8 January 2027 and any statutory duty would come after it, but a standard Confide setup takes one day and an enterprise rollout three to six weeks, so the route and the record are live before the policy is signed off.

USD 0

Nothing per user, nothing per case

One annual fee from USD 2,000 by headcount covers unlimited users and cases, so an employer at the 50-employee threshold the consultation floats and a group with a designated person in every entity both pay nothing per user or per report.

Getting ahead of a statutory duty

From no written policy to a program ready for the duty the consultation is asking about, in the order the gov.uk guidance and the consultation set it out.

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  1. Kick-off with a compliance expert

    A Confide compliance expert works through which of your entities could fall inside a statutory duty if it follows the scope the government would consider, 50 or more employees in the private sector and every public body, whether SYSC 18 or the Corporate Governance Code already applies to you, and where concerns arrive today.

  2. Policy drafted from the gov.uk list

    The policy covers each item on the gov.uk employer list of 6 April 2026: what whistleblowing is, the procedure, confidentiality, the feedback a reporter can expect, anonymous options and their limits, timeframes, that no evidence is needed, and where to find Acas, Protect or a union.

  3. Reporting routes with anonymity and the prescribed-person signposts

    Web form, voice report, QR code and email intake go live in the languages your people use, each accepting anonymous reports. The policy names the prescribed persons on the gov.uk list, the FCA, HSE, HMRC and CQC among more than 90, so a worker who goes outside the company goes to the right one.

  4. The designated person and the acknowledgment clock

    Each concern is assigned to a designated person with the role to see it. The record shows the day it arrived, the day it was acknowledged and the day feedback went back, the three dates a duty on Ireland's model, one of the approaches the consultation cites, would require.

  5. Training and the victimisation statement

    Staff are trained on the law and the internal process, as the gov.uk list asks. The policy carries a clear statement that victimisation of whistleblowers is unacceptable, backed by the automatic lock-out of anyone named in a report.

  6. Board reporting and annual review

    The board sees what came in, what was done and how long it took, which Provision 6 of the Corporate Governance Code expects and SYSC 18 requires at least once a year. The program is reviewed annually, and again when the government responds to the consultation.

UK whistleblowing law FAQ

What does the Public Interest Disclosure Act protect?
Section 43B of the Employment Rights Act 1996, inserted by the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998 in July 1999, protects a qualifying disclosure: information the worker reasonably believes is in the public interest and tends to show a criminal offence, a breach of a legal obligation, a miscarriage of justice, danger to health or safety, sexual harassment since 6 April 2026, damage to the environment, or concealment of any of these. It must go to the employer, a legal adviser, a prescribed person or, on stricter conditions, wider.
Do UK employers have to have a whistleblowing policy?
Not unless you are regulated. The gov.uk employer guidance of 6 April 2026 says you are not legally required to have a whistleblowing policy or to respond to disclosures. FCA SYSC 18 requires relevant authorised persons and Solvency II insurers to have arrangements and an annual report to the governing body, and the UK Corporate Governance Code 2024 expects boards of companies listed in the commercial companies category to provide a confidential route and review it. The October 2026 consultation asks whether to make a policy and procedures a statutory duty, possibly for employers with 50 or more employees.

Whistleblowing policy template →

Can a worker be dismissed for whistleblowing?
Dismissal where the reason or principal reason is a protected disclosure is automatically unfair under section 103A, with no qualifying period and no cap on compensation. Until 1 January 2027, ordinary unfair dismissal needs two years' service and compensation is capped at GBP 123,543. For dismissals from that date it needs six months' service and the cap is removed. The worker can apply for interim relief within seven days of the termination. Detriment short of dismissal is covered by section 47B, and the employer answers for co-workers and agents unless it took all reasonable steps. Detriment claims have six months from 1 October 2026, up from three.
Is a personal grievance covered by whistleblowing law?
Usually not. gov.uk says personal grievances are not covered by whistleblowing law unless the particular case is in the public interest, and Acas says a concern personal only to you is unlikely to count. The Court of Appeal in Chesterton Global v Nurmohamed, in July 2017, held that a disclosure in the worker's own interest can still qualify, depending on how many people are affected, the nature of the interests and the wrongdoing, and who the wrongdoer is. Run the two routes separately and record which one a concern took.
Do we have to accept anonymous reports?
PIDA does not require it, and gov.uk notes that anonymous disclosures are harder to investigate and may limit feedback. But Provision 6 of the UK Corporate Governance Code 2024 says there should be a means for the workforce to raise concerns in confidence and, if they wish, anonymously, and the gov.uk policy list includes confirming the anonymous options available. In practice the answer is yes: an anonymous route, a way to put questions to the reporter without learning who they are, and a policy that says what feedback to expect.
What will the 2026 consultation change?
Nothing yet. The consultation, published on 12 October 2026 by the Department for Business, Innovation, Science and Trade, closes on 8 January 2027. Option 1 is revised guidance that would stay non-statutory. Option 2 would create a statutory duty to have procedures, a policy and follow-up. The government would consider applying it to private employers with 50 or more employees and all public employers, possibly phased in and possibly excluding FCA-regulated firms, enforced by civil penalties. It cites Ireland's model of acknowledgment in seven days, a designated person and feedback in three months, and the FCA's SYSC 18 rules as an alternative. How prescriptive any duty would be is left to later engagement. It also asks who counts as a worker and whether interim relief should allow 14 days. Proposed, not decided.
Does this apply in Northern Ireland?
No. This page covers England, Wales and Scotland, where Part IVA of the Employment Rights Act 1996 applies. Northern Ireland has its own whistleblowing law, the Public Interest Disclosure (Northern Ireland) Order 1998, and the 2025 changes described here, including the sexual harassment category and the six-month time limit, do not apply there.

See a report handled from intake to feedback

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